Loading ...

Followers

BCG vaccination and COVID-19

BCG vaccination and COVID-19

 

BCG vaccination & COVID-19



covid 19 in renal transplant recipients covid-19 in post-transplantation patients- report of two cases covid 19 vaccine in transplant patients covid 19 in heart transplant patients covid-19 in kidney transplant recipients nair can covid 19 affect the kidney does covid 19 affect kidneys how many dialysis patients have died from covid-19 covid-19 among heart transplant recipients in germany a multicenter survey covid-19 infection in heart transplantation case reports can heart patients survive covid 19 heart problems in covid 19 patients can covid 19 cause heart problems

The component (s) of the innate immune system that include neutrophils & macrophages, are the 1st line of defense mechanism against various newly-developed pathogens for which the human immune system have little or no previous immunity. Recent large-scaled epidemiological reports declare that many countries in which Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination is widely spread have a lower mortality rate (MR) from COVID-19. This observation can be explained via the so-called phenomenon "trained immunity," in which macrophages & neutrophils perform epigenetic changes in response to infection, vaccination, or microbial components that modify their response to the subsequent unrelated pathogens. Despite the short-life spans of these cells, recent researches in this concept have revealed that similar changes may occur in long-lived bone marrow precursors, leading to a mechanism for lasting "memory" within the innate immune system basal components.

 

 

v  Covián C, Retamal-Díaz A, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. Could BCG Vaccination Induce Protective Trained Immunity for SARS-CoV-2? Front Immunol 2020; 11:970.

v  Escobar LE, Molina-Cruz A, Barillas-Mury C. BCG vaccine protection from severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:17720

v  de Laval B, Maurizio J, Kandalla PK, et al. C/EBPβ-Dependent Epigenetic Memory Induces Trained Immunity in Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:793





Normalization of BP in children diagnosed with hypertension

 

 




covid 19 in renal transplant recipients covid-19 in post-transplantation patients- report of two cases covid 19 vaccine in transplant patients covid 19 in heart transplant patients covid-19 in kidney transplant recipients nair can covid 19 affect the kidney does covid 19 affect kidneys how many dialysis patients have died from covid-19 covid-19 among heart transplant recipients in germany a multicenter survey covid-19 infection in heart transplantation case reports can heart patients survive covid 19 heart problems in covid 19 patients can covid 19 cause heart problems
 


The current definition of a high blood pressure (BP) & hypertension (HT) in children rely primarily on repeating BP measurement at 3 separate clinical encounters. However, in a retrospective, multicenter cohort study using electronic medical registry data from aproximately 400,000 children undergoing the routine BP measuring at primary care visits, children who’re mostly met the criteria for either HT (n = 1881) or raised BP (n = 2144) based on ≥3 BP measuring reported over 36 mo hd normal BP during a second consecutive 36-mo period (50 % of individuals with a prior dgx of HT; 70 % of individuals with a prior Dgx of raised BP). A noticeable limitations may include the small number of children in the entire cohort who hd ≥3 longitudinal BP readings in addition to the difficulty to verify whether BP read were performed appropriately and what were the interventions (eg, lifestyle changes) have been implemented. However, if further studies recognize these results, the diagnostic criteria for pediatric HT may need to be modified to include: BP monitoring over a longer time frame before a diagnosis has been settled.

 

 Kaelber DC, Localio AR, Ross M, et al. Persistent Hypertension in Children and Adolescents: A 6-Year Cohort Study. Pediatrics 2020; 146.

 

 

 

 

 

 

COMMENTS